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munity in all countries, especially those
with rather undeveloped social systems
and economic structures, the Ministry of
Education awarded medals, in specially
held ceremonies, to a number of teachers
possessing long records of service and
deserving such recognition. Also, in order
to associate the top-ranking personality
in the country with this event, special
Royal Decrees drawing the attention of
teachers towards the sanctity of their
profession were issued to teachers in all
parts of the country. A number of
officials of the Ministry of Education and
representatives of teachers were also
invited by His Majesty the King on the
day of the festival. Although the number
of teachers increased during the past
year, yet it is not enough to meet the
full needs of our schools and, therefore,
we still need foreign teachers, particu-
larly for our secondary and vocational
schools. The following Table shows the
position:—
Previous In- Present
Particulars Number crease Number
Primary school
teachers 3,220 300 3,520
Secondary
school teachers 782 38 820
Vocational
school teachers 356 19 375
(C) Improvement of Laboratories and Workshops:
In elementary schools, workshops for
handicrafts were arranged in accordance
with locally practised arts and trades:
improvements were made, especially in
hand-loom workshops; sets of tools for
handicrafts were despatched to schools
and modern laboratory equipment, com-
prising apparatus for physics, chemistry
and biology, were installed in secondary
school laboratories. In so far as voca-
tional education is concerned workshops
for practical training were expanded and
new tools and machines were installed.
In the School of Mechanics at Kabul
Dr. Popal, Minister of Education, gives
Education award to Professor Betab
the practical side of training has been
developed and new machinery and tools
have been imported from Germany and
installed in its workshops. In the School
of Mechanics at Khost a new diesel-
generator was installed and lathes, drilling
machines and a smithy have been set
up for the benefit of students. The hum
of machinery heard in this remote district
augurs well for the technological success
of the country.
Workshops at the School of Mechanics
in Kandahar have been fully equipped
with machines and tools like those of
technical schools in advanced countries.
Equipment and instructors for this School
have been provided by U.N.E.S.C.O.
In the Afghan Institute of Technology
a quantity of equipment for mechanical
repairs, welding, a tin-smithy and the
administrative office has been received
from the United States I.C.A. Other
equipment which had been ordered from
the United States last year has also
arrived and been installed at the Institute.
In the School of Commerce the room
for typewriting classes has been re-
arranged and new machines provided.
(D) Publications:
The publications of the Ministry of
Education consist of school textbooks,
12
Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting. How this was measured.