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21
Afghans from their soil. They gathered round Prince Tahmasap, the eldest son of Shah Hussein. Another danger which threatened the Afghan rule in Persia came from the two neighbouring powers—the Turks and the Russians, who wanted to avail themselves of the opportunity and lay their hands on a part of Persia.
Soon after taking Isfahan, Mahmud sent Amanullah Khan, one of his trusted friends, to attack Kazwin, where Prince Tahmasap was busy collecting a large force. Amanullah marched through deep snow and succeeded in dispersing the Persian contingent. On his way to Kazwin he took Kashan and Kum without much difficulty. The joy, which the news of this easy victory gave to Mahmud was, however, marred by the report, which reached him at the same moment that Mulla Musa, one of his generals, whom he had sent with a convoy of treasure amounting to 150,000 tumans to Kandahar for the purpose of raising fresh levies among the Afghan tribes, had been attacked, defeated and plundered by Mirza Ismail, the Governor of the petty fortress of Banda in Seistan. Shah Mahmud was also embarrassed at this period by a message
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