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can, in times of emergency, issue an urgent ordinance which temporarily overrides any or all existing laws. In the constitutional law of the country, the independence of the state is put down as of primary importance and every King at the time of his coronation has to take a solemn oath to respect it and to preserve it at all costs. Immunity of the individual from unnecessary interference by state officials has been given emphasis. Indeed, it is for the first time in the history of the country that such freedom has been granted to the subjects. and they are allowed to choose their own representatives and be governed by them.
We give below His Majesty King Nadir Shah's inaugural address at the first sitting of the new Afghan Parliament (July 6th, 1931) :—
"I open this Assembly of Moslem Counsellors in the name of God, the Omnipotent, the Powerful, who is the dispenser of happiness in this world and the next. And I pray, for the guidance of the
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Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting. How this was measured.