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turned his attention to Kandahar. When negotiations proved futile, he made up his mind to resort to force and wrest Kandahar. At the same time he intrigued with the rulers of the Deccan to keep the Mughal army busy. Mandu, governor of Kandahar, appealed to Jehangir for help, but no effective aid could come from any direction, and the city after a long siege opened its gates to the invaders. The Saffivids held it until 1638, when the city once more changed hands and became a part of the Mughal Empire.
Shah Safi, successor of Abbas I, was a relentless tyrant who killed most of his relatives and some of the most trusted generals of his grandfather on mere suspicion. Ali Mardan Khan, the governor of Kandahar, was summoned to Isfahan, the Persian capital. Fearing that he might share the same fate, he surrendered Kandahar to a force sent by Shah Jahan.
After Safi's death in 1642, his successor Abbas II decided to recapture Kandahar. Taking advantage of a severe winter, when the passes leading to India were blocked with heavy snow and no adequate help could be expected from that quarter, he laid siege to Kandahar.
Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting. How this was measured.