Jughrāfiyā-yi ṭabʻī va Afrīqā, page 50

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Scanned page 50 of Jughrāfiyā-yi ṭabʻī va Afrīqā

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۴۷ جغرافیه طبیعی د افریقا توالی ایام و لیالی :- روز و شب باعث گردش زمین بر محور خود یکی بعد دیگری علی التواتر پدید آیند . چون زمین گرد است در حین حرکت همیشه نصف سطح زمین تدریجاً از مابین اشعه آفتاب میگذرد و نصف آن از اشعه بیرون می ماند . لهذا قسمت ایکه پیش روئی آفتاب می آید - آنجا روز می باشد و حصه ایکه از روشنی رو گردانیده است . ظلمت کده می شود ، آنجا را شب گویند . (اینجا معلم صاحب یک نارنج یا کره زمین را گرفته بذریعه یک شمع روشن تشریح بفرمایند ) . حالت محور زمین :- محور زمین میدان حرکت انتقالی را عموداً قطع نمی کند . بلکه مائلاً می باشد لهذا در حین حرکت انتقالی آن در یک موسم قطب شمالی طرف آفتاب مائل می شود و بوقت دیگر قطب جنوبی و ازین سبب موسمها پیدا می شوند . بهار ، تابستان ، تیر ماه ، زمستان و نیز در عرصه یک سال بمقامات متفرقه درازی روز و شب متفاوت می باشد . (۱) اگر محور زمین بر خط مدار زاویه قائمه می ساخت ، روز و شب همیشه و هر جا دوازده ساعت می بود . و بدوران سال بهیچ جا درجه حرارت فرق نمی کرد . و نیز جغرافیه طبیعی د افریقا ع[ILL]م[ILL]م[ILL] x [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] 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[ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL] [ILL]

Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting. How this was measured.

Cite this page: Jughrāfiyā-yi ṭabʻī va Afrīqā, page 50. Afghanistan Digital Library, New York University Libraries. Machine-transcribed text: Afghan Press Archive, https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0311/50 (accessed [date]).
Permalink: https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0311/50
Machine-readable: JSON · IIIF manifest · Canvas
Source: Afghanistan Digital Library record