{"book":"adl1197","page":173,"text":"-154-\ntional cause during the First Afghan War. This great warrior, who\nwas not friendly to Amir Dost Mohamed Khan, took refuge at the\nQajjar court, and accepted the government of Herat for the sole pur-\npose of opposing Amir Dost Mohamed Khan, both as a rival and\nan enemy of the Amir. No doubt in his temper and action, there is\nmore a mere suggestion of separatism, but in effect this is no\nmore than tendency of separateness which existed amongst all the\nleaders during the 18th and the 19th century, so that in order to\nappreciate this feeling, one ought to keep in view the time and the\ncircumstances that obtained at the time.\n\nOne of the young Sirdars, with a determination and warmth\nof an Afghan spirit, who attract our attention during the difficult\ntimes of the First Afghan War (1839. A.D.) and whose career lasted\nupto the end of Amir Dost Mohamed Khan's reign (Tuesday 21st.\nZiqada 1279.A.H.) was the son of Sirdar Mohamed Azeem Khan, one\nnamed Sirdar Sultan Ahmed Khan.\n\nThe life and work of Sirdar Sultan Ahmed Khan according to\nhistorical analysis come under two heads, in these two phases of his\nactivities, a few years of his life as a refugee must also be counted.\nAlthough these two sections of his life's activities appear as rather\ncontrary to one another, yet if one were to consider the real facts,\nthis apparent contradiction does not really exist in the mental make-\nup of the Sirdar.\n\nThe role which this Sirdar has played in the period of the first\nquarter of the 19th century belongs to that character which shows\nhim battling against the aggressive forces of the English, in de-\nfence of his people from aggression, and his endeavours for the\nexpulsion of the foreigners from Afghanistan. The next phase\nrelates to that which concerns his adhesion to the Persian view\npoint. Circumstances had so contrived that this Sirdar should rule\nover Herat, and from this small principality he should play a role\nin the moving affairs of the east.","chars":1968,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl1197/00173.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":205,"title":"Men and events through 18th and 19th century Afghanistan","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl1197/173","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl1197/canvas/173","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl1197/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl1197_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}