{"book":"adl1197","page":115,"text":"- 102 -\nbetween the people. Everyone knows that Ranjit Singh from the\ntime of the Saduzais was merely a governor of the Saduzais in\nthe Punjab; and that the Sikhs under him, from the early times\nof ruler of Zaman Shah at the instigation of the English had\nbeen intrasigent; till the then Saduzai king made him a govenor\nof Lahore; a governor of the king of Afghanistan. This Sikh\nruler, taking advantage of the death of Zaman Shah, and the\nconflict of the Barakzai Brothers, ha proclaimed himself as a\nMaharaja. Nor was it all, but he started a series of aggressions\nin Kashmire, in Peshawar and even in the areas beyond the river\nIndus. When Amir Doust Mohamed Khan became king and a battle\nwas fought between him and the Sikhs regarding Peshawar and\nanimosity was further increased, the Sikhs thought that advantage\nshould be sought from the antagonism of the Saduzai Shah Shuja\nand the Barkazi Brothers; so that the greed of Shah shuja made\nhe used against the rightful king of Afghanistan. As Shuja was ever\nready to sign a treaty between himself and the Sikhs in order to\ngain the throne; but just at that time, the English arrived in the scheme\nof things as a third party. Some of the English writers try rery\nhard to keep themselves out of the real reason of the devise; and\naplogise that their inclusion was due to the insistence of the\nother two; and that the matter of animosity that existed between\nthe Sikhs and the Afghans was something with which the Engish had\nno connection, and it was without the consent of the English that\nthe Sikhs had been making inroads beyond the Indus; but the\nfact is that the inciment did come to the Sikhs from the English\nside in the name of Shah Shuja. The first Afghan war, and the\nEnglish interference in matters of Afghanistan are factors the\nroot cause of which can be found in this treaty beteen the\nthree parties.\n\nIn the beginning of this affairs, the English were very pliant;\nand were even desirous that an alliance might be cemented between\nthe Sikhs and Shah Shuja; and it was proposed that only a few\nfighting men may be provided by Shah Shuja, and the rest of the army\nshould consitute the Sikhs; and the cost of the military expedition\nmay be given by the English. Lord Canning the then Governor\nGeneral in India was most keen to see the scheme come to practi-","chars":2320,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl1197/00115.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":205,"title":"Men and events through 18th and 19th century Afghanistan","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl1197/115","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl1197/canvas/115","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl1197/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl1197_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}