{"book":"adl1197","page":110,"text":"- 97 -\n\nterm, which is called the Close Border Policy or the Punjab School.\nThe reason of so naming these is that the officers serving in the Punjab\nheld the view of the Close Border Policy, whilst those had seen service in\nSindh, were wedded to the Policy of the Forward Movement or the Sind\nSchool. The inventor of the Sindh School was one Major John Jackob;\nand when the Persians with the instigation of the Russians, it was he\nwho suggestion to the government of India to annex Quetta. There\nis, of course, no doubt that the various schools amongst the English\npolitical thinkers, were influenced by the desire of protection of their\npossessions in India. In asmuch as Afghanistan had two important vall-\neys, one at Kyber and other at Bolan; which could give them protec-\ntion if they held troops at Peshawar; the English thinkers were quite\nsatisfied with their defences from this direction Major John Jacob,\nhowever, was of the opinion that in the direction of Quetta, the\nposition of the English defences required further strengthening. So\nthat whenever Russia may send its troops in Central Asia; British\ntroop could be sent with ease to Herat.\n\nLord Canning, however; was greatly opposed to this view. He never\ndesired that the British troops should enter the Afghan territory; and\nthat it should cross the country of the Afghans in order to reach Herat.\nThis English Governor General further held that it was not possible to\nenter Afghanistan even with an amagamated force and to give battle\nat a given point; and thence to return home safely and attacks could\nnot be inflicted upon such a force by the Afghans.\n\nLord Cannings observations went further than that; for in\nsupport of his view he stated that the strengthening of the Afghans,\nand their power, produces no danger to the Indian Government;\nbut a strong Afghanistan would constitute a protection for India.\nPursuing that line he continued that if Afghanistan was composed\nof smaller units, it will be week, and its defences would, thereby\nsuffer, and \"I hope to see, \" he said, \"to see that country as\na strong country, which could be counted for as the defence of\nthe Indian possessions.\"\n\nIt was on this score that a conflict of opinion between Lord\nCanning and Major Jacob continued; but the major, who had a wild","chars":2288,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl1197/00110.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":205,"title":"Men and events through 18th and 19th century Afghanistan","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl1197/110","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl1197/canvas/110","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl1197/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl1197_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}