{"book":"adl1181","page":69,"text":"A Brief History of Kabul:\n\nKabul is an ancient city, which with its trade routes to the East, North and West, has had great commercial importance. This city has been inhabited and prosperous from olden times. Some of the historians have located the old city of Kabul at Bagram or Kapisa and have mentioned that war and aggression were the cause of the removal of the city to its present place. The antiquity of Kabul equals that of Balkh and Bamian. In the Veda, 'Kaiha' is the name given to Kabul. Some historians believe that the name Kabul is derived from a Sindi word which means \"Centre of Trade\" and perhaps the cause of this naming is that most of the caravans of Sind used to bring their merchandise to the markets of Kabul. The trade and commercial fame of Kabul has been well known from very ancient times.\n\nHerodotus (circa 484-424 B.C), the great Greek historian, mentioned the trading of merchandise from Kabul in the markets of Greece and Rome. During the invasion of\n\n-3-","chars":986,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl1181/00069.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":77,"title":"Khvush āmadīd bih Kābul = : Welcome to Kabul خوش آمديد به کابل","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl1181/69","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl1181/canvas/69","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl1181/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl1181_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}