{"book":"adl0970","page":19,"text":"vi\n\nsubsidized to guarantee the free passage of the Mughal troops through their territories. But all these measures proved futile, and the freedom loving Afghans were never content with their lot, nor did they forget that before the Mughals they were masters of India. From the days of Babur (1504-30) right to the death of Aurangzeb (1707), they allowed the Mughals no rest and carried on the struggle of liberation with ever-increasing zeal, inflicting many a crushing and humiliating defeat on the Imperial Forces.\n\nIn 1507 Babur took up arms against the Ghilzais, a powerful Afghan tribe, who had given him much trouble since he came to Kabul (1504). He took thousands of their sheep, and erected a minaret of human skulls to strike awe and terror of the Mughal force into the hearts of the tribesmen. But he failed in his attempts, for not long afterwards he was again forced to lead a second expedition against the Yusufzais, who had taken up arms against him. Seeing that force was of no avail, he married, for political reasons, the daughter of an influential Yusufzai chief.\n\nSimilarly, after the fall of Delhi and Agra (1526), Babur was confronted with the uprisings","chars":1176,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0970/00019.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":191,"title":"Afghanistan","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0970/19","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0970/canvas/19","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0970/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0970_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}