{"book":"adl0970","page":16,"text":"iii\nand arts. It was here that the Aryans for the\nfirst time took to settled life and framed a rudi-\nmentary form of democratic government. Again\nit was here that Zoroaster preached his mono-\ntheistic religion and taught men the lesson of right\nthinking, right speaking and right acting. Later\non, in the fourth century B. C., it became a part\nof the Macedonian Empire and came into direct\ntouch with Greek philosophy and culture. It\nwas about the middle of the third century B. C.,\nduring the reign of Asoka the Great, that Buddh-\nism found its way into the country. It was\non the Afghan soil that Greek realism mingled\nwith Indian spiritualism, resulting in the Greco-\nBuddhist art. Again in the seventh and eighth\ncenturies it came gradually under the influence\nof Islamic culture and this has remained to be\nthe dominating factor of Afghan life to this\nday.\nThe palmy days of Islam in Afghanistan\nreceived a severe setback in the early part of the\n13th century, when the ruthless Mongolian hordes,\nunder the leadership of Changiz Khan, poured\ninto the country, leaving death and destruction in\ntheir wake. The flourishing seats of arts and","chars":1143,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0970/00016.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":191,"title":"Afghanistan","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0970/16","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0970/canvas/16","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0970/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0970_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}