{"book":"adl0957","page":176,"text":"133\n\nbedding, and all other necessary expenses of the students are\nborne by the State.\n\nThe Afghan Government, within the limits of its resources,\nis steadily encouraging the educational advancement of the people\nand devotes about 20% of its total revenue to education. Of\ncourse, lack of trained teachers is at present detrimental to\nrapid progress in this line. It has been estimated that no less\nthan 30,000 trained teachers are required for universal elementary\neducation. The present Teachers' Training Schools and\nColleges produce from 150 to 200 teachers a year. Today,\nmore than fifty per cent of the persons in the teaching\nprofession are untrained. Even assuming a high degree of\nnatural aptitude and devotion to work, lack of technical training\nis a bar to complete efficiency.\n\nElementary schools in Afghanistan have six grades.\nSecondary education also covers a period of six years. After\ntwelve successful years in the public schools, a student is allowed\nto join one of the colleges (called Faculties). There are at\npresent nine degree colleges affiliated with a Kabul University,\nviz., the Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Law, Faculty of Letters,\nFaculty of Science, Faculty of Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture,\nFaculty of Civil Service, Faculty of Theology, and Faculty for\nGirls. In addition to these, there is an \"Institute of Education\",\nwhich is also attached to the University. This Institute is\nsupervised by Afghan teachers assisted by specialists from\nColumbia University. In addition, there is also a Medical School,\na Military School, a Military College, a Commercial School, two\nTechnical Institutes, a School for Mechanical Crafts, a School\nfor Carpentry, Tailoring and Fine Arts, schools for adults, both\nmen and women, School for Islamic Studies, a School for Nurses,\nand a School of Agriculture.","chars":1830,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0957/00176.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":377,"title":"new guide to Afghanistan","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0957/176","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0957/canvas/176","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0957/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0957_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}