{"book":"adl0953","page":80,"text":"۷۳\n\nقاعدۀ چهل و پنجم :\nهر گاه يك مانع و يك مقتضی با یکدیگر تعارض کنند ؛ تقدیم باید کرد مانع را بر مقتضی . یعنی در يك چیز هم مانع موجود باشد و هم مقتضی و هر دوی اینها بیکدیگر متعارض باشند حکم رجحان بمانع است .\n\nتفريع :\nبنابر این قاعده و توضیح فوق مدیون مال خودش را که بطور « رهن » گرو ـ بدست دائن مانده دائن بدیگر کس این مال را فروخته نمی تواند . اگر فروخت بیع در حق مرتهن نافذ نیست و مرتهن رهن را بدست خود محافظت میکند . چون مدیون وام خود را بد این داد رهن بدست تصرف مرتهن گذارده میشود. چونکه مرتهن در رهن یکی « حق حبس رهن » دیگر « حق استیفای دین یا رهن » دارد و راهن مدیون « حق تصرف در رهن » دارد و لیکن حق مرتهن در تصرف راهن ـ که در مثال بیع رهن است ؛ مانع است و حق راهن مقتضی .","chars":680,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0953/00080.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":179,"title":"Qavāʻid-i faqhīyah muṭābiq-i prūghram-i ṣinūf-i maslakī-i rushdīyah / shāriḥ-i Kamāl ʻĀṭif, bi-taṣvib-i Vizārat-i Muʻārif قواعد فقهية :قواعد فقهية","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0953/80","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0953/canvas/80","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0953/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0953_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}