{"book":"adl0953","page":63,"text":"- ٥٦ -\n\nطبعهای سلیم پسندیده باشد. در ایضاح قاعده عرف و عادت\nدر يك معنی مستعمل شده است. عرف، بر دو قسم است یکی\nعام دیگر خاص .\nعرف عام : عرفی است كه فاعلان ( وضع کنندگان ) آن\nمعلوم نباشد. یعنی فاعل عرف عام بايد كه يك قوم بزرگ\nو غیر معین بوده در همه جاها و یا در جاهای زیاد جاری باشد.\nعرف خاص : عرف يك قوم مخصوص است. مثل عرف\nمنتسبين يك علم و یا فن و یا عرف يك قوم و يا عرف يك بلده\nو عرف يك صنف كاريگرها که همه آنها بنام عرف خاص\nنامیده میشود. عرف خاص هم بعرف شرعی شامل میباشد .\nواقعه هائیکه برای این قبیل وقایع که صراحت نص شرعی موجود\nنبوده در ثبوت حکمهای شرعی باتفاق ائمه بعرف و عادت\nمراجعه کرده میشود . یعنی هر گاه مواد منصوص علیه نباشد؛\nدر حل این مواد عرف و عادت را «حکم» شناخته آن مواد\nحل میشود. لیکن در خصوصی که نص شرعی وارد باشد\nو میان نص و عادت اختلاف و معارضه واقع شود؛ درین","chars":777,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0953/00063.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":179,"title":"Qavāʻid-i faqhīyah muṭābiq-i prūghram-i ṣinūf-i maslakī-i rushdīyah / shāriḥ-i Kamāl ʻĀṭif, bi-taṣvib-i Vizārat-i Muʻārif قواعد فقهية :قواعد فقهية","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0953/63","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0953/canvas/63","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0953/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0953_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}