{"book":"adl0953","page":22,"text":"- ١٥ -\n\nقاعدۀ هفتم :\nاصل برائت ذمت است .\n\nتعریف : در اصطلاح شرع ذمت نفس و ذات ؛ يك شخص است .\nتفریع : هر گاه کسی مال دیگری را تلف میکند و اگر در مقدار و یا قیمتش اختلاف واقع میشود ؛ سخن تلف کننده مسموع میگردد وصاحب مال مجبور است که ادعای زیادی قیمت مال را با بینه اثبات بکند .\nدر اینجا سخن تلف کننده لازم التفصيل است . اگر صاحب مال زیادة قیمت را با بینه اثبات کرده نمیتواند ؛ سخن متلف بایمین از طرف قاضی قبول میشود . مثلاً : کسی در حضور قاضی بر علیه دیگری « این شخص سه خروار گندم للمی مرا تلف کرد . ازین سبب سه خروار ازین رقم گندم باید که بطور ضمانت بمن بدهد » گفت ؛ دیگری جواب داد که « من سه خروار گندم مدعی را تلف نکرده ام . بلکه شش سیر گندمش را تلف کرده ام » .\nاگر مدعی زیاده از شش سیر اتلاف مدعي عليه را اثبات","chars":712,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0953/00022.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":179,"title":"Qavāʻid-i faqhīyah muṭābiq-i prūghram-i ṣinūf-i maslakī-i rushdīyah / shāriḥ-i Kamāl ʻĀṭif, bi-taṣvib-i Vizārat-i Muʻārif قواعد فقهية :قواعد فقهية","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0953/22","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0953/canvas/22","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0953/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0953_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}