{"book":"adl0953","page":20,"text":"۱۳ -\nبلکه حجت دافعه شناخته میشود . مفقودیت دیگر ورثه را\nاز تقسیم حصهٔ مفقود منع میکند اما تا ثبوت حیات مفقود\nدر زمان فوت پدرش و یا ثبوت مرگ او پیش مرگ پدرش\nحصهٔ مفقود از طرف قاضی در تحت حراست گرفته میشود .\nدر صورت اول حصهٔ مفقود در بین وارث مفقود و در صورت\nدوم حصه اش در میان وارثهای پدر مفقود تقسیم میشود .\nقاعدهٔ پنجم :\nقدیم بطور سابق خود گذاشته میشود . یعنی هر چیزیکه\nاز قدیم بهمان طور مشروع بوده هر گاه بر خلاف او دلیل دیگری\nنباشد بهمان طور قدیمی محافظت می شود .\nتعریف : قدیم چیزی است که هیچ کس اول آنرا بشکل\nدیگر نمی شناسد .\nتفریع : در حق مرور و حق آب رو ( حق مجری ) اعتبار\nبقدم است . یعنی اینها مثل زمان اول جریان میکنند و برخلاف آنها\nدلیلی موجود نباشد تبدیل و تغییر نمی یابد . مثلاً آب رو يك خانه","chars":703,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0953/00020.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":179,"title":"Qavāʻid-i faqhīyah muṭābiq-i prūghram-i ṣinūf-i maslakī-i rushdīyah / shāriḥ-i Kamāl ʻĀṭif, bi-taṣvib-i Vizārat-i Muʻārif قواعد فقهية :قواعد فقهية","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0953/20","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0953/canvas/20","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0953/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0953_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}