{"book":"adl0953","page":157,"text":"- ١٤٨ -\n\nبغیر قصد تلف کند ضامن میباشد .\n\nتفریع :\n\nکسی در راه بسبب لغزش پا بمال دیگری برخورده و مال را تلف نمود ؛ ضامن میشود . در اینجا کس افتاده مباشر است و مباشر بی تعمد ضامن .\n\nتفریع :\n\nشخصی دیگر یرا بخطا کشت ؛ دیت مقتول بر علیه قاتل لازم میباشد . باین لحاظ که قاتل بخطا فاعل مباشر است .\n\nفرع : کسی مال دیگری را بظن اینکه مال خود اوست تلف کرد ؛ ضامن میشود . باین لحاظ که خطای ظن او ظاهر است وظنی که خطای او ظاهر باشد ؛ اعتبار ندارد و هم او در اتلاف ؛ مباشر است و برای مباشر ضمان لازم میشود .\n\nقاعدۀ نود و دوم :\n\nمتسبب اگر متعمد و متعدی نباشد ضامن نمیشود .\n\nتفریع :\n\nحیوان يك شخص از شخصی تور خورده هراسیده گریخت و تلف شد ؛ ازین شخص که حیوان از آن تور خورده تلف شده است ؛","chars":671,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0953/00157.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":179,"title":"Qavāʻid-i faqhīyah muṭābiq-i prūghram-i ṣinūf-i maslakī-i rushdīyah / shāriḥ-i Kamāl ʻĀṭif, bi-taṣvib-i Vizārat-i Muʻārif قواعد فقهية :قواعد فقهية","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0953/157","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0953/canvas/157","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0953/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0953_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}