{"book":"adl0953","page":115,"text":"- ١٠٦ -\n\nتفريع :\nهرگاه هبه یا هدیه و یا صدقه کنندۀ دید که هبه یا صدقه یا هدیه را\nشخص موهوب له یا مهدی له و یا متصدق علیه گرفت ؛ درین\nاثنا، معطی سخن نگفته خاموش ماند ؛ سکوت معطی هبه ... الخ\nبقبض هبه الخ اجازت شناخته میشود .\nفرع : وقتیکه ولی ؛ صغیر ممیز را دید که در بازار خرید\nو فروش میکند و منعش نکرد . بلکه خاموش شد . وصی\nاین خاموش ولی را برای صبی « دلالت بماذون التجارگی » شناخته\nمیتواند . این مسئله با مسئله « دیدن قاضی صبی را در تجارت » در حکم\nمخالف است ـ بسبب اینکه قاضی حق ولایت عامه و وصی ولایت\nخاصه دارد . ولایت خاصه از ولایت عامه قوی است .\nفرع : در دعاوی متعلق بمعاملات کسی که بسوگند خوردن\nاز طرف قاضی مکلف است ؛ اگر بی عذر سکوت بکند ؛ این\nسکوت بطور دلالت نکول از سوگند خوردن است وقاضی\nبنکول او حکم میکند .","chars":715,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0953/00115.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":179,"title":"Qavāʻid-i faqhīyah muṭābiq-i prūghram-i ṣinūf-i maslakī-i rushdīyah / shāriḥ-i Kamāl ʻĀṭif, bi-taṣvib-i Vizārat-i Muʻārif قواعد فقهية :قواعد فقهية","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0953/115","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0953/canvas/115","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0953/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0953_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}