{"book":"adl0953","page":111,"text":"- ۱۰۲ -\n\nقاعدۀ شصت و چهارم :\nوصف در حاضر لغو و در غائب معتبر است .\nتعریفات : « وصف » عطف کردن صفت است : بيك چيز یعنی بیان کردن صفتها و علامتهای آن چیز است .\nصفت : حالی است قائم بذات شی . لغو : کلامی است ؛ باطل و بی معنی . بتعبیر دیگر گفتن و نگفتن آن مساوی است .\nتفريع :\nشخصی بشخص دیگر اسپ سفیدیکه در مجلس حاضر است ؛ قصد فروش آنرا کرده اشارت بآن نموده گفت که « من این اسپ سیاه را بشما میفروشم » هر گاه مشتری سخن بایع را قبول كرد ؛ بيع معتبر و وصف سياه لغو شمرده می شود . بسبب این که وصف در حاضر لغو است . اما اگر اسپ سفید در زمان فروش میان بایع و مشتری حاضر نبود و بایع در وصف اسپ ذكر سیاه کرد ؛ بسبب اعتبار وصف در غائب بيع بطور لازم منعقد نمی شود .\n.......","chars":656,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0953/00111.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":179,"title":"Qavāʻid-i faqhīyah muṭābiq-i prūghram-i ṣinūf-i maslakī-i rushdīyah / shāriḥ-i Kamāl ʻĀṭif, bi-taṣvib-i Vizārat-i Muʻārif قواعد فقهية :قواعد فقهية","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0953/111","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0953/canvas/111","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0953/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0953_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}