{"book":"adl0950","page":59,"text":"۴۸\n\nکرده و تابلو های زیاده باستادان ایتالیائی مانند رافائل\nولئوناردو نسی سفارش داد.\n\n۱۱\nرنسانس در ایتالیا\nدر قرن شانزدهم، ایتالیا چهار نویسنده بزرگ داشته، دو شاعر\nآریوست و تاس، دو نثر نویس، ماکیاول وگیشاردن.\nآریوست (۱۵۳۳-۱۴۷۴) در سال ۱۵۱۶ کتاب\nرالاند غضبناک را منتشر، و در ان با لحن خوش آیند وقایع جنگ\nشاملمانی را با اعراب نقل کرده است.\nتاس، شصت سال بعد (۱۵۷۵) تاریخ جنگهای\nصلیبی را در (خلاصی بیت المقدس) بیان نمود.\nماکیاول، (۱۵۲۷-۱۴۶۹) وگیشاردن (۱۵۴۰-۱۴۸۲)\nهر دو از اهل فلورانس و مورخ بوده، و تقریبا تمام عمر خود را در سیاسیات\nگذرانیده اند جنگ های ایتالیا را گیشاردن بچشم خود دیده و تاریخ\nآنرا نوشته، ماکیاول که از برجسته ترین نویسندگان رنسانس و بزرگترین","chars":655,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0950/00059.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":497,"title":"تاريخ","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0950/59","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0950/canvas/59","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0950/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0950_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}