{"book":"adl0950","page":393,"text":"۳۸۲\n\nاصلاح و ایشان را مجبور بقبول تمدن اروپائی می سازد .\n\nوضعیت روسیه در قرن هفدهم — در قرن هفدهم\nروسیه بنام پای تخت خود شهر مسکو معروف بحکومت مسکو بود\nو حقیقه علمای جغرافیا هم آن دوره تردید داشتند که آیا این دولت\nجزئی از آسیا و یا قسمتی از اروپا بدانند . بهرحال حدود\nاین مملکت بقرار ذیل بوده است :\n\nاز طرف شمال غربی و مغرب سوئد و پولنی که اقصای سواحل بالیتیک را\nدر دست داشته و قومی حدود متصرفاتش تا رود دنیپیر و دقیقا\nتا نزدیکی اسمولنسک میرسید. از جانب جنوب بخاک ترکیه\nکه سواحل بحر اسود را مالک بود و بالآخره از طرف شمال با اقیانوس\nمنجمد شمالی که تقریبا هشت ماه از سال از یخ پوشیده بود .\nبهر حال تنها راه مراوده حکومت مسکوی با دول اروپائی همین\nراه شمالی بوده زیرا جهات دیگر آن را دول سوئد - پولنی\nو ترکیه محدود ساخته بودند .\nدولت مسکو که در قرون متمادیه مجاورت و اختلاط باطمل زرد نژاد\n\nتاریخ اروپا ۲۳۰۰ مأخذ — کوکنیوه","chars":818,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0950/00393.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":497,"title":"تاريخ","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0950/393","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0950/canvas/393","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0950/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0950_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}