{"book":"adl0950","page":283,"text":"۲۷۲\n\n٣ - پاسکال ـ علاوه بر عالم ادب بلزپاسکال یکی از اکابر\nریاضیات و فیزیک بوده است، پدر او یکی از قضات شهر\nاُوُرْنْیْ و تولد خود او در سال ١۶٢٣ بوده است در سن شانزده\nسالگی کتابی راجع بهندسه منتشر کرده و از جمله معاریف عصر شبآ\nمی آمد، در علم فیزیک تحقیقات مخصوصه نموده در بیست و سه\nسالگی ثقل هوا را تشخیص و میزان الهوارا مخترع شد ـ چون روزی\nاز حادثه مهلکی رهائی یافت خود را از علایق دنیوی کنار گرفته متوجه\nمسلک روحانیت گردید ـ درین شعب نیز شروع به تحقیقاتی نموده\nبالآخره دچار تکفیر شد .\nبرای دفاع خویش کتاب موسوم به « مکاتیب سیکل هاتی»\nتألیف و حملات سختی بدشمنانش وارد آورد، این کتاب جنبه\nادبی بزرگی نیز دارد، پس از مرگ فیلسوف دانشمند\nمعظم (١۶۶٢) نیز اوراقی از یادداشتهای او بدست آمده\nجمع گردیده و باسم «افکار و خیالات» بعرض ظهور آمد\nیکی از نویسندگان معاصر در تعریف این کتاب میگوید که","chars":784,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0950/00283.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":497,"title":"تاريخ","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0950/283","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0950/canvas/283","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0950/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0950_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}