{"book":"adl0950","page":276,"text":"٢٦٥\n\nزندگانی سائرین از نتیجه زحمات ایشان اداره میشد ، این طبقه\nنیز بنوبه خود بسه دسته تقسیم میشدند :-\n(١) : بورژواها .\n(٢) :- صنعتگران .\n(٣) :- دهاقین .\nبورژواها مردمانے بودند که ثروتی داشته خود کار نکرده ، عده را\nتحت ریاست خویش بکار میداشتند، یا اینکه مشاغل آزادی\nاز قبیل وکالت مرافعه ، طبابت ، معلمی و غیره را پیشه و وسیله\nو یا ماموریت اے حکومتی مانند ماموریت قضائی ، مالیاتی و یا اداری\nمی پرداختند. مردمان متمول و تاجر های معتبر مملکت هم\nجزو این صنف بوده ، و حقیقتاً صنف ممتاز را در طبقه سوم\nتشکیل میدادند .\nصنعتگران ، بعد از بورژوا ها قرار داشته و مقام دوم را دارا\nبودند . صنعتگران کسانی را می گفتند که خواه مستقلاً و خواه در\nتحت ریاست دیگری بصنایع می مشغول باشند بعضی","chars":672,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0950/00276.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":497,"title":"تاريخ","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0950/276","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0950/canvas/276","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0950/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0950_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}