{"book":"adl0943","page":48,"text":"علم نباتات\n۳۹\n\nجز عمده تکمیل یافته اند - دنباله - گرده و\nبن برگ دنباله - جزوی استوانه دار\nبوده از الیاف و اوعیه و بشره مرکب\nاست و بکار می رود اوّل برای نمبر ۵۱\nرساندن شیرۀ نباتی و دویم برای آنکه برگ را بحالتی نگاه\nدارد که روشنی را بخوبی جذب کرده بتواند - بعض اوقات\nبرگ بدون دنباله به سابق مربوط است در ان حالت برگ\nرا ابتر گویند.\nگرده - جزوی باریک و بسیط بوده از الیاف و اوعیه و\nنسج زنبوری و بشره تحتانی و فوقانی مرکب است و بکار می\nرود برای جذب روشنی و کاربن دائی آکسائڈ - ممکن است\nکه بنا به اسباب مختلفه گرده ضخیم شود و تنگ چنانکه در پیاز\nو خرما مشاهده میشود.\nبن برگ - نزدیک قاعده دنباله\nبسیط شده مانند غلاف ساق را کاملاً\nیا ناقصاً احاطه می نماید همین حصه را\nبن برگ خوانند - در گیاه ها بن برگ طویل نمبر ۵۲\nشده لوله را تشکیل میدهد شکل ۵۳\nو گاهی از ان دو ضمیمه صغیر مانند نمبر ۵۳","chars":777,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0943/00048.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":177,"title":"Nabātāt نباتات","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0943/48","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0943/canvas/48","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0943/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0943_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}