{"book":"adl0943","page":40,"text":"علم نباتات ۲۱\n\nاند و اوسط از یک مشیمه و ادنیٰ ترین از نباتات بی‌مشیمه می‌باشند. چنانچه مطابق آن که نبات از دو مشیمه است یک‌مشیمه یا بی‌مشیمه ساخت داخلی ساق مختلف است پس ضروری است که هر سه قسم انساج ساق را علیحده علیحده بیان کنیم.\nساخت ساق نباتات دومشیمه - ساق نباتات دو مشیمه مرکب است از سه حصه که اول پوست یا سلسله جلدی.\nدویم چوب یا سلسله خشبی و سویم بشره می‌ باشد شکل ۴۲ سلسله خشبی مرکب است از چهار حصه مغز- غلاف مغز- دسته‌ های لیفی و وعائی- و اشعه مرکزی.\nنمبر ۴۲\nمغز- جزء مرکزی ساق است که تشکیل یافته از نسج زنبوری- سلولهای که در وسط اند بزرگ اند و از رطوبت پر می‌ باشند و\nنمبر ۴۳\nهر قدر که ازان دور تر اند خورد تر- همین سلولهای اند که در درخت مسن خشک شده و گاهی معدوم شده باعث خالی شدن میان تنه میگردند و این چنین درخت را میگویند که ساق مجوف دارد.\nغلاف مغز- این ورقه مرکب است از الیاف و اوعیه","chars":796,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0943/00040.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":177,"title":"Nabātāt نباتات","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0943/40","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0943/canvas/40","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0943/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0943_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}