{"book":"adl0940","page":333,"text":"ترکستان\n۳۲۴\n\nسودا، کسب و صناعت\n\nقسم بزرگ اهالی خیوه بدهقانی مشغول اند. ولی\nچون هوای خیوه عموماً خشک و گرم، زمینش غالباً\nشوره زار است، ازین جهت دهقانی و زراعت\nاینجا اجتهاد بسیاری را میخواهد. چنانکه همیشه بزمین\nها سرگین ریخته، اصلاح نمودن لازم است زمین را\nپیش از کاشتن، تماماً نرم نموده، سیراب باید کرد. اگر\nبخوبی سیراب نشود، زمین شوره بسته، زراعت نمیروید\nپس در اینجا آب در دهقانی عامل نخستین است ،\nدهقانان خیوه بهمه این مانعات مقاومت نموده ،\nزمین را بخوبی شیار میکنند. ولی طز شیار زمین\nآنها به اصول خیلی قدیم بوده، با «گاو آهن »، بیل\nو کلند کشت و کار مینمایند. دهقانان خیوه تمام سال\nاز پیش زمین خود جدا نمیشوند و دائما در زمین خویش\nکار میکنند. با همه این بسبب با برکت بودن خاکش\nمحصولات دهقانی از خود اهالی خیوه زیادی میکند و","chars":723,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0940/00333.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":383,"title":"Turkistān mutarjim Sayyid Riz̤ā ʻAlī Zādah ترکستان","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0940/333","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0940/canvas/333","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0940/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0940_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}