{"book":"adl0940","page":301,"text":"ترکستان\n۲۹۶\n\nنفوس و خلق\n\nچون مملکت بخارا هنگام حرکت خلق های آسیای وسطی به ایران، در بالای راه ایشان، همچنین در سر راه تجارت آسیای وسطی و ایران واقع بود، ازین رو اهالی این مملکت از زمانهای خیلی قدیم (۲۵-۳۰ عصر مقدم) بطرز مدنی زندگانی مینمایند. بیش ترین خلق بخارا تاجیک بوده، بجنس آرمی منسوب میباشند.\nسپس چند عصر بعد از میلاد حضرت عیسی به اینجا اقوام ترک آمده، حکومت ترک را تشکیل دادند. در عصر هفتم میلادی بخارا را عربها استیلا کردند و چند زمانی بخارا را امرای عرب اداره نمودند. در عصر دهم سامانیان اداره کردند (این وقت بخارا خیلی ترقی نمود). بعد ازین ترکان (یوغور) و بعد از آن ترکان مغول (چنگیز - تیمور) اداره نمودند.\nدر عصر سیزدهم بخارا را چنگیز خان ضبط کرده، بعد ازین امیر تیمور استیلا نمود. در زمان امیر تیمور شهر بخارا","chars":721,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0940/00301.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":383,"title":"Turkistān mutarjim Sayyid Riz̤ā ʻAlī Zādah ترکستان","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0940/301","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0940/canvas/301","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0940/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0940_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}