{"book":"adl0935","page":26,"text":"۱۵\nنظام حکومت\nبنیاد خلافت یا حکومت اگرچه در عهد ابوبکر صدیق رضی الله عنه بر پا شده اما نظام آن در عهد فاروق اعظم شروع گردید. بلی در دو سال خلافت حضرت ابوبکر صدیق رض بسیار مهمات فیصله شده یعنی از داخله کار مرتدین عرب انجام و از خارجه امر فتوحات آغاز نمود، مگر نه حکومت نظام خاصی گرفت و نه اینقدر زمانۀ مختصر برای آن کافی بود، حضرت عمر رض از یک طرف فتوحات را به درهم شکستن سلطنتهای بزرگ قیصر و کسری و الحاق آنها با عرب وسعتی داد و از طرف دیگر نظام حکومت و سلطنت را قائم و آنقدر ترقی داد که تا حین وفات او شعبه های مختلف حکومت همه بوجود آمد .\nپیش از تفصیل قواعد و آئین حکومت لازم است بیان کنیم که ترکیب و ساخت آن چگونه بود؟ یعنی شخصی بود؟ یا جمهوری؟ اگرچه بلحاظ تمدن عرب در انوقت نمیتوان گفت که خلافت حضرت عمر رض","chars":709,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0935/00026.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":415,"title":"Fārūq : ḥiṣṣah-ʼi duvvum فاروق : حصه دوم","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0935/26","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0935/canvas/26","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0935/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0935_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}