{"book":"adl0710","page":134,"text":"۱۳۱\nافغانستان چهارم رشدیه\n(Akamunshi) بود در سنه ۲۵۰ ق م تیو دوتس\n(Theodotous) حاکم باختر اعلان بادشاهی نمود - و\nتاسیس حکومت مستقل باختری را نهاد - حدود این مملکت\nدر بعض اوقات از دجله تا گنگ می رسید - ولی از باعث\nرقابت پارتها و بعد ازان از تها جمات اقوام خانه بدوش\nترکنها که از وسط آسیا بدان سمت تاخت و تاز می نمودند\nرو به تنزل نهاد - ۱۲۶ سال ق م بر رود آمون چهار حکومت\nتاسیس شد - که چینی ها آن را چنین نامیده اند - یوشی\n(You Chi) کویش وانگ (Kweishwang)\nیته (Yeth) توکا راس (Tukhavas) این هر\nچهار سلطنت پابند دین بدها بودند - اروپائیان این سلطنت\nرا کوشان (Kushans) هیاتاله (Haiathala)\nہن ہا سفید (White Huns) و تو چاری نامیده اند.\nمورخین عرب نیز ذکر یک عبادت گاه مشهور را در بلخ\nمی کنند و آن را نو بهار (Nao bihar) خوانده اند\nو بخیال مورخ مشهور انگلیسی (راول سن) این عبادت\nگاه از بدها بود و لفظ نو بهار در اصل ناوادی ها را -\n(Navathivara) است و سیاح مشهور چینی موسوم\nبه هوان ستانگ (Hauanatang) در اوائل قرن","chars":906,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0710/00134.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":169,"title":"Afghānistān : muṭābiq-i prūghrām-i chahārum-i rushdīyah wa dār al-muʻallimīn / bi-taḥrīr-i Muḥammad ʻAlī Khān va taṣvīb-i Fayz̤ Muḥammad Khān افغانستان :افغانستان","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0710/134","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0710/canvas/134","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0710/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0710_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}