{"book":"adl0610","page":4,"text":"۳\nدنياخانه عمومی انسانان است . انسان اگر\nدنیا را نداند گویا انسانیت خودرا نمیداند .\nپس ، انسان چنانچه بدانستن خانه\nخصوصی خود و همنشین و همسایه خود\nمحتاج است همچنان دانستن دنیا که خانه\nعمومی انسان است مع مناسباتیکه با همنشین\nدارد از جمله لوازم انسانیست .\n۱ س - در سئوال اول ذکر شده که جغرافیه از دنیا\nومافیها بحث میکند . آیا مراد از دنیا و مافیها\nچیست ؟\nج - مراد اینست که : علم جغرافیه : از کوه ها ،\nبحورها ، نهر ها ، کول ها یعنی طالابها\nو از جسامت دنیا و از مناسبات دنیا همراه\nدیگر ستاره ها و نیز از انسانها و حیوانات و از\nنباتات و الحاصل از هر چیز دنیا بحث میکند .\nبنابران علم جغرافیه از هر چیز که بحث میکند\nبنام همان چیز : موسوم میشود .\nجغرافیا چند قسم است ؟","chars":660,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0610/00004.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":145,"title":"Jughrāfī̄yā-yi ʻumūmī-yi ibtidāʼi barā-yi shāgirdān-i makātib-i rashdiyah-ʼi ʻaskarīya-ʼi Afghānistān جغرافياى عمومى ابتدائى براى شاگردان مکاتب رشديۀ عسکريۀ افغانستان","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0610/4","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0610/canvas/4","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0610/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0610_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}