{"book":"adl0610","page":38,"text":"۳۷\n\nس — همین دو نقطهٔ انتها را چه مینامند ؟\nج — نقطهٔ انتهای شمالی را ( انقلاب صیفی ) و نقطهٔ انتهای جنوبی را ( انقلاب شتوی ) مینامند .\nس — دائرهٔ خسوف ؛ دائرهٔ استوا را به چند نقطه قطع میکند . و آن نقطه ها را چه مینامند ؟\nج — به ۲ نقطه : یکی را ( اعتدال ربیعی ) و دیگر را ( اعتدال خریفی ) مینامند .\nس — افق چیست ؟\nج — اگر در يك بحر عظیم و یا در يك دشت بسیار واسع بوده به گرد  ا  گرد خود نظر اندازیم بحر و آسمان و یا دشت و آسمان را بشکل دائره بهم ملاقی می بینیم . آن دائره را ( دائرهٔ افق ) و یا ( افق ) مینامند . و اگر جای خود را بدل کنیم افق دیگر می بینیم . و هكذا هر چند که محل خود را بدل کرده برویم","chars":602,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0610/00038.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":145,"title":"Jughrāfī̄yā-yi ʻumūmī-yi ibtidāʼi barā-yi shāgirdān-i makātib-i rashdiyah-ʼi ʻaskarīya-ʼi Afghānistān جغرافياى عمومى ابتدائى براى شاگردان مکاتب رشديۀ عسکريۀ افغانستان","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0610/38","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0610/canvas/38","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0610/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0610_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}