{"book":"adl0610","page":28,"text":"۲۷\nس - دوائر عرض و یا دوائر متوازیه چیست ؟\nج - آن دوائر تصوری یعنی خیالی را گویند\nکه بخط استوا موازی باشند .\nس - چرا دوائر عرض میگویند ؟\nج - چرا که عرض هر محل بواسطۀ آنها\nتعیین کرده میشود .\nس - دوائر عرض را چرا دوائر متوازیه نیز\nمیگویند ؟\nج - زیرا که به دائرۀ استوا متوازی اند .\nس - دوائر عرض چه فائده دارند ؟\nج - این فائده را دارند : که بواسطۀ آنها\nبعد و مسافۀ دو مملکت و یا ۲ شهر را\nاز همدیگر ؛ و نیز گرمی و یا سردی آنها\nرا تعیین میکنیم .\nس - دوائر عرض چند تاست ؟\nج - ( ۱۸۰ ) است . ( ۹۰ ) از آنها\nبه طرف شمال خط استوا و ( ۹۰ )\nدیگر به طرف جنوب خط استوا میباشد .","chars":563,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0610/00028.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":145,"title":"Jughrāfī̄yā-yi ʻumūmī-yi ibtidāʼi barā-yi shāgirdān-i makātib-i rashdiyah-ʼi ʻaskarīya-ʼi Afghānistān جغرافياى عمومى ابتدائى براى شاگردان مکاتب رشديۀ عسکريۀ افغانستان","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0610/28","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0610/canvas/28","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0610/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0610_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}