{"book":"adl0475","page":108,"text":"( ١٠٠ )\n\nباب دوم . ـ قوه عدليه\nمقدمه\nقاعده ٢٣٥ : ـ قوه عدليه افغانستان را هيئت عمومیه محکمه های\nعدلیه افغانستان بوجود می آورد .\nقاعده ٢٣٦ : ـ در افغانستان محکمه ها مستقل و از هر گونه\nمداخلت و تجاوز مصؤنند. کسانیکه اقتدار مأموریت\nخودها را بیجا استعمال نموده و در فیصله ها\nومذاکرات محکمه ها مداخلات ورزند در هر مقام\nوماموریتی که باشند متعاقباً مستوجب بازخواست\nمیگردند .\nقاعده ٢٣٧ : ـ در محکمه های افغانستان ، محاکمات علنی اجرا\nمیشود هر مظنون و یا مدعی ویا مدعی علیه برای مدافعه\nحقوق خود بکرفتن وکیل های دعوا اختیار دارد .\nقاعده ٢٣٨ : ـ محکمه های افغانستان ، بنام محکمه های حقوق\nوجزا وتجارت بسه قسم تقسیم می شود . علاوه\nبر آن بنام محکمه های اصلاحیه تشکیلات جدیده\nهم بوجود آمده اند .\nقاعده ٢٣٩ : ـ محکمه های عدلیه حقوقيه ، وجزائیه ، وتجاريه\nباز بنام محکمه های ابتدائیه ومرافعه بدو درجه\nمنقسم میگردند .","chars":797,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0475/00108.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":131,"title":"Niẓāmnāmah-ʼi tashkīlāt-i asāsīyah-ʼi Afghānistān نظامنامۀ تشکىلات اساسيۀ افغانستان","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0475/108","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0475/canvas/108","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0475/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0475_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}