{"book":"adl0455","page":30,"text":"۸\n\nچه اته ویشت توری آو په املا کښې د پروګرانیو سبب ګرځی چه موږ د\nهغه د ښیسته کولو دپاره تر یوه ځایه پورے چه کېدای شی په لاندی نیو\nلیکو کښې ئے تفصیلات لیکو:\nالف – په عربی کښې هغه الف ته چه خوه ځنده یی ولری (همزه) آو هغه\nالف ته چه خوه ځنده یی و نه لری الف وائی اما په پښتو کښې د هری وخت\nهمزه نه مد عاد غه شکل (ء) وی آو کله کله د الف پر ځای هم استعمالیږی.\nالف دوه دوله ده ییو لنډ الف بل ووږ د الف.\n(۱) (۲)\nلنډ الف هغه ده ی چه سر کښې راځی آو لوسر که ی (۳) والا یا کوز که ی (۴)\nوالا یا کېز که ی (۵) والا وی لکه د: (انګر، او به، اینداره) په کلماتو کښې\nاو وږ د الف هغه ده ی چه اوږ د تلفظ کېږی آو د مد نښه پرے (ـ)\nلیکه کېږی لکه د: (آبلوخ، آستازه ی، آرتول) په کلماتو کښې.\n(۱) مقصوره، (۲) ممدوده (۳) فتحه (۴) کسره (۵) ضمه.","chars":712,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0455/00030.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":523,"title":"Da Puṣhto da zhabe liyārah : liyā, Puṣhto ṣarf aw naḥw د پښتو د ژبى لياره : لىا، پښتو صرف او نحو","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0455/30","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0455/canvas/30","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0455/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0455_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}