{"book":"adl0410","page":16,"text":"۹\n\nشطوط وانهاز\n\nبواسطۀ باران نامنظم و بالنسبه زیادیکه در اروپا میبارد این قطعه دار\nرودها بسیار و هیچ یک از نواحی آن نیست که از رودها مفید آبیاری نشود\nرودخانه ها آروپا از دو چشمۀ مهم یکی خلات و الدائی در آروپای\nشرقی دیگر رشته جبال الپ آب گرفته و عموماً نسبت بشطوط عظیمۀ\nسائر قطعات عالم غیر قابل ملاحظه میباشند .\nرودها مصب مدیترانه کوتاه پرنشیب سیلابی در ناحیه اقیانوس\nاطلس در اثر رطوبت هوا و کثرت بارش بآمان رودها طویل تر\nمنظم تر. و در ناحیۀ برفی یعنی قسمت شرقی طول آنها بیشتر از رودها\nسائر نواحی آرو پا جریا نشان غالبا منظم ولی در تمام مدت زمستان منجمد هستند\nعمده ترین رودها آروپا ازینقرار ند:\nپیچورا (روسیه) که در اقیانوس منجمد شمالی میرند.\nدوینا (روسیه) داخل بحر ابیض میشود.\nنوا که از پتروگراد گذشته بخلیج فنلاند وارد میگردد.","chars":727,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0410/00016.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":197,"title":"Ūrūpā : muṭābiq-i prūghrām-i sivvūm-i Rushdīyah va Dār al-Muʻallimīn اوروپا : مطابق پروغرام سوم رشديه و دار المعلمين","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0410/16","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0410/canvas/16","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0410/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0410_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}