{"book":"adl0311","page":87,"text":"جغرافیه طبیعی و افریقا\n۸۴\n(۶) در ممالک گرم بعض اشخاص متمول و اهالی ممالک\nسرد به کوه ها رفته از گرمی محفوظ می مانند.\n(۷) اکثر آنها خزینه و دفینه معدنیات می باشند\nو محل جنگلها و چراگاه ها -\n(۸) تهذیب و تمدن یک ملک را از داخل شدن\nبملک دیگر مانع می آیند .\n(۹) قشر محکم سطح زمین است که مقاومت آب و\nباران را می کند. و سطح زمین را بباعث قوت بخار\nاز تشقق نگاه می نماید که حیات حیوانی و نباتی بر ان\nممکن باشد.\nسطح مرتفع\nبر اعظم ایشیا دارای سطوح مرتفع متعدد و در\nدنیا بلند ترین براعظم ها است .\n(۱) سطح مرتفع تبت :- از (۱۳۰۰۰) تا (۱۵۰۰۰)\nفت بلند است مابین کوه همالیه و کوان لین .\n(۲) سطح مرتفع پامیر :- بام دنیا گفته می شود-\nارتفاع اوسط آن (۱۲۰۰۰) فت است .\n(۳) سطح مرتفع منگولیا :- (۴۰۰۰) فت عبارت","chars":686,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0311/00087.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":125,"title":"Jughrāfiyā-yi ṭabʻī va Afrīqā جغرافياى طبعى و افريقا","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0311/87","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0311/canvas/87","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0311/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0311_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}