{"book":"adl0311","page":65,"text":"جغرافیای طبیعی و افریقا\n۶۲\n\nواقع شده میتواند ـ لیکن اگر ما بگوئیم که آن مقام بر نقطه تقاطع خط ۲ و خط ج وقوع دارد محل صحیح آن مشخص می شود\n\nنمبر ـ ۲\nنمبر ـ ۱\n\nپس عرض البلد فاصله یک مقامی است طرف شمال یا جنوب خط استوا و پیمائش فاصله مذکور بذریعه خطوط درجات العرض کرده می شود.\nدائره های عرض البلد مانند خطوط افقی شکل نمبر ۱ بر کره ارض کشیده شده می باشند اما خطوط های عمودی شکل نمبر ۲ که از یک قطب تا قطب دیگر بر سطح زمین چنین کشیده شده اند که دائره های عرض البلد و خط استوا را عمودا قطع کرده می روند ـ اینها را خطوط طول البلد یا خطوط نصف النهار می گویند.\nبدانید که تعداد خطوط طول بلد ۳۶۰ است ـ اینها را مثل خطوط عرض البلد بقرار درجه های دائره طرف","chars":642,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0311/00065.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":125,"title":"Jughrāfiyā-yi ṭabʻī va Afrīqā جغرافياى طبعى و افريقا","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0311/65","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0311/canvas/65","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0311/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0311_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}