{"book":"adl0311","page":33,"text":"جغرافیه طبیعی و افریقا ٣٠\n\nزمین از غرب سوی شرق در ١/٣ ٢٧ روز تمام می کند\nحینیکه زمین هم بدور آفتاب گردش کرده می رود ـ\nپس تا آنکه بموضع هلال شدن باز برسد چیزی زیاده تر\nاز گردش حقیقی خود می پیماید ـ گویا از هلال تا به\nهلال دیگر مدت ١/٢ ٢٩ روز بکار است !\n\nخسوف و کسوف\n\nهرگاه ماهتاب مابین زمین و آفتاب در یک خط\nمستقیم حائل شده شعاعهای آفتاب را مانع می آید\nآن وقت کسوف واقع می شود اگر آفتاب را کاملاً\nاز نظر ما پنهان ساخت کسوف کامل و اگر یک حصه\nآن را تاریک گردانید کسوف جزوی می گویند. (گرفتگی\nآفتاب را کسوف می نامند ).\nهنگامیکه قمر از سایه زمین می گذرد شعاعهای آفتاب\nکه آن را روشن می سازند بباعث حائل شدن زمین\nبآن نمی رسد بی نور می گردد آن را خسوف گویند بعض\nاوقات خسوف کامل و گاهی خسوف جزوی واقع میشود","chars":696,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0311/00033.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":125,"title":"Jughrāfiyā-yi ṭabʻī va Afrīqā جغرافياى طبعى و افريقا","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0311/33","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0311/canvas/33","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0311/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0311_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}