{"book":"adl0290","page":859,"text":"۳۸۹\nتبادل نقود چند شهر مفروض (که آن را محاکمه\nهم میگویند) دریافت کرده شود و در این\nصورت لازم است که نرخ هر شهر معلوم\nباشد +\nاسم ۲ - معامله زر و روپیه در بین\nممالک مختلفه عموماً بواسطه هندوی های تبادل\nممالک غیر یعنی (هندوی های خارجه)\nکرده می شود مثلاً می خواهیم که ۱۰۰ پوند\nرا از پشاور به سوداگر مقیم لندن ارسال\nکنیم اگر ۱۰۰ پوند مذکور را بتوسط ڈاک\nروانه کنیم محصول آن بسیار خواهد شد\nلهذا عموماً مروج است که تجار از صراف\nیا بنک هندوی خارجه صد پوند را می خرند\nکه به نرخ تبادل رائج الوقت واجب الادا باشد\nپس این هندوی برای همان سوداگر لندن ارسال\nمی شود و او نزد شخصی که حواله هندوی بروی\nمیباشد رفته و به حکم هندوی وجه مذکور\nرا وصول میکند +\nهندوی مذکور را برات هم می گویند +","chars":669,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0290/00859.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":1089,"title":"ʻIlm-i ḥisābعالم حساب","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0290/859","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0290/canvas/859","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0290/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0290_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}