{"book":"adl0274","page":9,"text":"س اسم چیست ؟\nج نام يك شخص، يك حيوان ، يك شى را اسم مینامند .\nس اسم چند قسم است ؟\nج اسم دو قسم است اسم خاص اسم عام .\nس اسم خاص چیست ؟\nج يك شخص يا يك چیز معین را می فهماند مثلاً احمد، کابل، استانبول.\nس اسم عام چیست ؟\nج اشیاء غیر معینه را میفهماند مثلاً کتاب ، قلم ،\nس اسم نظر به اعداد چند قسم است ؟\nج اسم نظر به اعداد دو قسم است . قسم اول مفرد ، قسم ثانی جمع است .\nس مفرد چیست ؟\nج تنها يك فرد را نشان می دهد مثلاً قلم ، کتاب .\nس جمع چیست ؟\nج از فرد زیاده چیزها را نشان می دهد . در لسان عثمانی علامت جمع\n(لر) است . یعنی هر گاه کلمه (لر) در آخر مفرد واقع باشد جمع می گردد .\nمثلاً\n\nمفرد\nجمع\nاو : خانه\nاولر : خانه ها\nقلم : قلم\nقلملر : قلم ها\nمکتب : دبستان\nمكتبلر : دبستانها\n\nتمرین\nاز اسماء ذیل ، اسماء خاصه وعامه و مفرد و جمعها را تفریق بکنید .","chars":738,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0274/00009.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":55,"title":"Ṣarf-i Turkī muʼalif-i Muḥammad Naẓīf صرف ترکى","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0274/9","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0274/canvas/9","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0274/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0274_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}