{"book":"adl0180","page":17,"text":"اما درباره مغیرات اغلب محررین باشتباه خیلی فاحشی گرفتار اند، مثلاً\nشنیده اند، که (خ) اصطلاحی آنها اصلاً (ش) است، پس در بعضی\nکلمات که اصلاً در ان (خ) باشد وحتی بعضی از کلمات زبانهای دیگر را باشتباه\nبه (ش) بدل کرده اند مثلاً کلمه خویشی پارسی را ښويشي یا کلمهٔ پختۀ پښتو\nرا (پښته) نوشته اند، یا مثلاً ځه رنگ را (څرنګ) و سترګه را\n(سترګۀ) باشتباه غلط نوشته اند، درین باره دقت زیاد لازم است\n\n(۱۱) حروف مختوم به ها\nله، ګه، مۀ، پۀ، تۀ، مۀ از حروفی است که بسیار در افغانی می آید، این\nحروف باید بدون ها به ما بعد خود وصل نشود، مثلاً لۀ ما (از من)\nرا (لما) وكه نه استفهامی را (کنه) تۀ مدځه (تو مرو) را (تمجۀ)\nمۀ كوه (مكن) را (مکوه) نلری (ندارد) را (نلری) یکجا ننویسند\nکه در حین خواندن اشکالات دست میدهد .\n\n(۱۲) حروف متصله\nاسماء وکلماتیکه حروف آن مطابق به رسم الخط شرقی بهم متصل نوشته میشود","chars":778,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0180/00017.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":117,"title":"Muʻallim-i paṣhtū kitāb-i duvvum, khvad āmūz معلم پښتو :معلم پښتو","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0180/17","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0180/canvas/17","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0180/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0180_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}