{"book":"adl0180","page":13,"text":"و مفتوح خوانده میشود\nمثلاً : وگوره (ببین) وخوره (بخور) وخپثره (با لا شو) در امر حاضر\nیا : احمد زما ورور وواهه (احمد برادر مرا زد) ده انگور و خواره (او انگور را خورد) ده سبق ولوست (او سبق خواند) در ماضی مطلق!\nحرف عطف افغانی (او) نیز گاهی مخفف شده (و) تنها می ماند چون پلارو مورئی ولاړ (پدر و مادرش رفت) کتاب و اخبار ولوست (کتاب اخبار را خواند) و غیره\n(۷) یا\n۱ : شکل یایی معروف ، در آخر کلمه یا جدا (ی) در بین کلمه بنقاط خود شناخته شود این طور (..)\n۲ : شکل یایی مجهول در آخر کلمه یا جدا (۔۔ے) در بین کلمه بنقاط خود شناخته میشود اینطور (..)\n۳ : یای کلمه مفرد که ما قبل آن فتحه باشد، برای امتیاز از جمع، به ما قبلش فتحه داده شود مثلاً سړی (آدم) بړی (فتح) زمری (شیر) کوتړی (سگ بچه)\n۴ : یای تانیثی که حرف ما قبل آن هر وقت فتحه مخصوصه (زورکی) دارد این طور تحریر شود (ۍ) این یاء در آخر کلمات می آید چون خولۍ (کلاه) پګړۍ (دستار) شړۍ (شال) وړۍ (پشم)","chars":839,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0180/00013.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":117,"title":"Muʻallim-i paṣhtū kitāb-i duvvum, khvad āmūz معلم پښتو :معلم پښتو","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0180/13","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0180/canvas/13","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0180/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0180_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}