{"book":"adl0153","page":45,"text":"۴۴\n\nگذشته بسیار معاونها را با خود میبردارد- بشمال مغرب رجوع\nکرده سرحدات بخارا را تماس نموده خیوا را سیراب ساخته\nبجنوب بحیره ارال نزول میکند.\n\nدر زمانه قدیم این دریا مابین ایران و توران حد فاصل بود\nموضع منبع آمو پیشتر بام دنیا مشهور بود حالا قلب عالم میخوانندش\nدر آغاز خود آمو بدو حصه منقسم میشود یکی بطرف شمال که مسمی آب\nسرخاب و کسو و خنگاب است و دیگر بجنوب که در علاقه پامیرمیرود\nو سرحدات افغانستان و بخارا و چین را از هم جدا میکند.\nمشهورترین دریای پامیر پنجس است که دیگر معاونها هم دارد\nیکی از مشرق که ۱۲۰ میل طویل است و دیگر از شمال مشرق\n۸۰ میل درازی دارد- بمقام قلعه سرپنجه دو معاون دیگر پیوست.","chars":598,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0153/00045.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":236,"title":"[Jughrāfiyā-yi Afghānistān] ‏[جغرافياى افغانستان]","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0153/45","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0153/canvas/45","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0153/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0153_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}