{"book":"adl0132","page":267,"text":"٢٦١\n\nمملکت مستقله رفع دعوی نباید شود زیرا رفع چنین دعوی با\nهتک حرمت استقلالی آن محسوب میشود.\n(٢) حق محافظه و دفاع: بذریعه این حق هر مملکت\nمیتواند هر قدر بخواهد حصن و قلعه و بسطۂ حربی تأسیس و\nتیار کند.\n\nمدنیت\n\nمقصود از مدنیت زندگانی داشتن انسانها است در زیر\nسایه اجتماع و معاونت نمودن یکدیگر شان است بر تهیۂ امورات\nو ادوات زندگانی که این قبیل حیات را حیات مدنی یا حیات\nاجتماعی مینامند و ضد آن حیات بدوی است که ازین مزایا\nمحروم بوده هر یک منفرداً یا بجهت انیکه انفراد قطعی مستحیل\nاست چند چند نفر یکجا زندگانی مینمایند. اما در هیئت\nاجتماعیه قواعد و اصول حیات اجتماعی همه بر اساس تعاون\nو اشتراک و تبادل منافع مبنی است.","chars":614,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0132/00267.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":272,"title":"Akhlāq va maʻlūmāt-i madanīyah : muṭābiq-i prūghram-i ṣinf-i chahārum-i Rushdīyah va Dār al-Muʻalimīn-i ibtidāʼīyah / bitaḥrīr-i Ghulām Muḥyi al-Dīn Khān, tarjumān-i ʻArabī ; va taṣvīb-i Fayẓ̤ Muḥammad Khān اخلاق و معلومات مدنيه :اخلاق و معلومات مدنيه","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0132/267","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0132/canvas/267","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0132/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0132_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}