{"book":"adl0011","page":290,"text":"اشکاشم ٢٦١ رهنمای قطغن و بدخشان\n\nاشکاشم\n\nاشکاشم - ارتفاع (٩٣٥٠) فیت و حرارت\nتابستانش (٩٢) درجه و مسافتش از زیباک ٨ کرو میباشد\nموضع مذکور بکنار دریای پنج (آمو دریا) واقع است بطرف راست\nاشکاشم دره واخان و طرف چپ دره غاران و شغنان\nاست و یک رباطه سراجیه و چھاونی نظامی نیز در اشکاشم\nمیباشد که یک تولی از نظامی در همان چھاونی ہمیشہ مقیم است\nفی الواقع بیدر مانند است و مردم مذکور هم مانند زیباک\nخوار جامه و بدخوراک بوده با اوشان هم مذهب اند زبان\nعلیحده دارند اما زبان فارسی را نیز کامل از سبب کثرت\nاستعمال میدانند. دیگر حقایق شان در ذیل مردم آمو دریا\nتحریر گردیده و در اشکاشم یک دشت کلان بر سر\nقشلاق تربت قابل آباد هست و آب هم برایش بسیار","chars":631,"image":"https://storage.googleapis.com/adl-page-images/adl0011/00290.jpg","first_page":1,"last_page":500,"title":"Rāhnamā-yi Qaṭaghan va Badakhshān ‏راهمماى قطغن و بدخشن [electronic resource]:‏‏‏","permalink":"https://afghanpress.org/book/adl0011/290","canvas":"https://afghanpress.org/iiif/adl0011/canvas/290","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/books/adl0011/","source_pdf":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/pdf/adl0011_download.pdf","rights":{"image":{"statement":"Public domain. NYU states: \"All works presented on this website are, unless otherwise indicated, in the public domain. The images available on this website may be freely reproduced, distributed and transmitted by anyone for any purpose, commercial or non-commercial.\"","uri":"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NoC-US/1.0/","holder":"New York University Libraries","source":"https://afghanistandl.nyu.edu/about.html","delivery":"Images are served from a copy mirrored by this project, not from NYU's servers, under the reproduction terms above.","endorsement":"This is an independent project. It is not affiliated with, endorsed by, or reviewed by New York University."},"text":{"statement":"Machine-generated transcription, dedicated to the public domain under CC0 1.0. No warranty of accuracy: see the provenance block on every page.","uri":"https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/","holder":"Steps Ventures"}},"provenance":{"text_produced_by":"gemini-3.1-pro-preview","thinking_level":"low","read_completed":"2026-08-09","per_page_confidence":null,"per_page_confidence_note":"Not recorded during the corpus run. No calibrated per-page score exists, and none is estimated here.","human_reviewed":false,"accuracy_context":"Roughly two thirds of characters agree with a modern printed edition of the same text. Much of the disagreement is editorial, not misreading. Treat the transcription as a finding aid and read the page image before quoting.","primary_source":"The page image. The text is an index into it."}}